A sign outside the World People's Conference on Climate Change
Behind closed doors, world leaders are
currently debating a draft resolution that recognizes the right to water and sanitation as a basic universal right. For the
two billion people living in water-stressed regions, and the three billion with no running water within a kilometer of their homes, access to clean water seems an obvious component of the rights to
an adequate standard of living, which the United Nations does recognize. However, the resolution, put forward by Bolivia, has irked heads of a number of wealthy countries around the world, including the US, UK, Australia, and perhaps most notably,
water-rich Canada.
It comes as little surprise that Bolivia is the driving force behind this critical issue.
Cochabamba, a Bolivian city to the southwest of La Paz, was the center of a
water war ten years ago, as farmers, factory workers, and cocoa growers descended on the Andean city to protest
the privatization of Cochamaba's water system. The multinational corporation
Bechtel, had won the rights to Cochabamba's water in 1999, after the World Bank and then President Hugo Banzer placed Cochabamba's public water system on the market. Less than a year after this deal was brokered, Bechtel increased the cost of Cochabamban water by as much as
60 percent, pricing out a majority of the city's population. Three months of protest later, the people of Cochabamba emerged as victors, having pushed Bechtel out of their city and regaining control over their municipal water system.